Why can owls see so well at night?
Asked by Miranda Peck
Most owl species are nocturnal, and have become well adapted to night vision through their evolution, enabling them to hunt and catch their prey in the dark. Many prey species are nocturnal (thus avoiding diurnal predators during the day), so being nocturnal hunters can be a good strategy.
Nocturnal owls’ eyes have a number of adaptations for good night vision including their large size, the shape of their lenses, the large proportion of rods (light-sensitive cells) to cones (colour-sensitive cells) in their retinas, and relatively large corneas. However, some diurnal owls do not have particularly good vision in dark conditions, and instead are better adapted for hunting during the day.
Rebecca Machin, Curatorial Assistant – Natural Sciences at The Manchester Museum